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A Millennial’s Guide to Retirement Planning

Written by Damian Winther, CFP® CSRIC® | Jun 24, 2025 3:07:31 PM

Millennials, let’s be honest. Retirement planning isn’t something that you think about every day. Between juggling careers, paying off student loans and managing today’s cost of living, it may feel like retirement is a lifetime away. But here’s the truth: if you’re in your early 30s to mid-40s, now is exactly the right time to get serious about planning for it. Your future self will thank you for the steps you take today.

Why Retirement Planning Matters for Millennials

If you were born between 1982 and 1996, you’ve got one key advantage: time. With a longer life expectancy than previous generations, you have more years for your money to grow. Compound interest is your friend — the earlier you start, the more time your investments have to multiply. Even small amounts set aside now can make a significant difference down the road.

How Retirement Planning Has Changed

Let’s face it: the landscape has shifted. Gone are the days of guaranteed pensions and there are fewer government and corporate safety nets than previous generations enjoyed. Today’s millennials are facing a world where defined contribution plans — like 401(k)s and IRAs — are the norm. The responsibility of planning and saving for retirement falls squarely on your shoulders. There are fewer government and corporate safety nets than previous generations enjoyed.

The Financial Realities Millennials Face

At Birchwood Financial Partners, we understand that saving for retirement can feel like a stretch when you’re managing everyday expenses and debt. Here are some of the biggest challenges our millennial clients face.

  • Student Loan Debt: The cost of higher education has skyrocketed, leaving most millennials with significant debt. According to the Education Data Initiative, millennials have a student loan debt balance that is 6.99% higher than the nationwide average. The burden of this debt can limit your financial flexibility and force you to delay other financial goals, like buying a home or starting a family.
  • Higher Housing Costs: Housing prices are through the roof, and mortgage rates are higher than they’ve been in years. According to Yahoo! Finance, the average home price has more than tripled in the last 20 years. Combine that with student debt, and it’s easy to see why many millennials feel priced out of the market. Rental costs have also soared, so whether you rent or buy, you’re paying a lot more than previous generations did at your age.
  • Delayed Milestones: Many millennials are waiting longer to get married, buy homes and start families, at least partly due to the financial pressures they face. The PIERE survey found that 59% of millennials have considered postponing major life events due to financial challenges.

A New Generation of Investment Options

On the bright side, millennials have access to more financial tools and investment options than ever before. The growing popularity of newer assets, such as Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, has fundamentally changed how many millennials think about investing. From what I see, most millennials aren’t thinking about “retirement planning” in the traditional sense. Instead, they are focused on growing their money, whether that’s through stocks, bonds, crypto or alternative assets. 

It’s important to remember that not all growth strategies are created equal. While crypto and alternative assets may be exciting, they may not be ideal for your long-term retirement goals.

The Social Security Question

There’s always talk about the Social Security Trust Fund running out of money, and younger clients often ask whether Social Security will be there when they retire. Here’s my take: yes, changes are likely coming, but they will probably be gradual. I don’t expect to see significant changes for anyone 55 or older. Younger generations might see changes such as extending the Full Retirement Age (from today’s current age of 67), increasing Social Security payroll taxes and income-based eligibility requirements for Social Security recipients. In my opinion, Medicare may become an even bigger concern than Social Security, but both are worth watching as you plan for your future.

The key takeaway: don’t rely on Social Security as your primary income source during retirement. Plan as if it will be a supplement, not the foundation.

How to Start Saving — Even With Competing Priorities 

With all these competing priorities — student loans, high living costs, delayed milestones — how do you start saving for the future without sacrificing the present?

Here’s my practical approach:

  • Build Your Emergency Fund: Aim to save 3-6 (even up to 12) months of living expenses in a high-yield savings account. This is your safety net when life throws curveballs.
  • Tackle High-Interest Debt: Student loans typically take priority, but consider your other debts. Not all debt is bad — mortgages at low rates, for example, can be beneficial. Focus on eliminating high-interest debt (like credit cards). The key is to balance debt repayment with saving for retirement.
  • Capture Your 401(k) Match: If your employer offers a 401(k) match, contribute at least enough to get the full matching contribution. This match is free money and a boost to your retirement savings. Don’t leave free money on the table!
  • Take Advantage of Tax-Advantaged Accounts: Consider funding a Roth IRA if you’re early in your career and not yet at your peak earning potential. You’ll enjoy tax-free growth and tax-free withdrawals in retirement. Just make sure you follow the rules — the Roth IRA must have been open for at least 5 years AND as long as distributions aren’t taken until age 59½, all distributions (including the growth portion within the account) are 100% tax-free. As your income rises throughout your career, you may someday find you are ineligible to make Roth IRA contributions. Bottom line: start early!

It’s a Marathon, Not a Sprint

While it’s true that millennials face unique challenges, you also have unique advantages and opportunities. Flexibility, technology and new investment options are all at your fingertips. What matters most is getting started. Time is your greatest asset, and the earlier you begin planning for retirement, the more options you’ll have down the road.

Remember, it’s not about making perfect decisions. It’s about making informed decisions that reflect your goals and values. Your future self will thank you.